| 1837 print KOSCIUSZKO'S GARDEN, WEST POINT, NEW YORK
STATE (#66) |
Print from steel engraving titled Jardin de
Kosciusco - Kosciuszko's Garden - from 1st
edition of Jean B.G. Roux de Rochelle's Etats-Unis
d'Amérique. Paris: Firmin Didot Freres, [1837],
approx. page size 14 x 22 cm, approx. image size 9 x 14 cm, nice
hand coloring, drawn by Vanderburch. Kosciusco's Garden is situated
on Hudson river near West Point Military Academy.
From a set of illustrations for Roux de
Rochelle's work on the United States. Roux de Rochelle, the French
Minister to the U.S., included this volume in a large series
entitled L'Univers. The American volume included 96 images
of the United States and it was first issued in 1837. Beginning in
1839 the plates were reissued in several French editions, as well
as editions in Italian, Spanish and German.
Click image or
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Koshciuszko, Tadeusz,
in full TADEUSZ ANDRZEJ BONAWENTURA KOShCIUSZKO,
English THADDEUS KOSCIUSKO (b. Feb. 4, 1746, Mereczowszczyzna,
Poland [now in Belarus]--d. Oct. 15, 1817, Solothurn, Switz.),
Polish army officer and statesman who gained fame both for his role
in the U.S. War of Independence and for his leadership of a
national insurrection in his homeland.
Early life.
Koshciuszko was born to a family of noble origin
and was educated at the Piarist college in Lubieszów and the
military academy in Warsaw, where he later served as an instructor.
Koshciuszko's outstanding abilities soon attracted the attention of
King Stanislaw II Augustus Poniatowski, who sent him to Paris for
further study in military and civil architecture and in painting.
Returning home in 1774, he taught drawing and mathematics to the
daughters of a general, Józef Sosnowski; he fell in love with
Ludwika, one of the daughters, and tried unsuccessfully to elope
with her.
U.S. War of Independence.
Facing the wrath of Ludwika's father, Koshciuszko
fled to France, and in 1776 he went to America, where he joined the
colonial forces fighting for independence from the British. That
August he was transferred to the Pennsylvania Committee of Defense
in Philadelphia, where he took part in planning fortifications to
defend the residence of the Continental Congress against the
British. For this work he was given the rank of engineer colonel.
In spring 1777, he was assigned to the army of General Horatio
Gates at Fort Ticonderoga, in northern New York. Beginning in July
he became active in Gates's army, closing by fortifications all
roads along the Hudson River and thus contributing to the
capitulation of the British army under General John Burgoyne at
Saratoga on October 17. He spent the next two years fortifying West
Point, N.Y., where in March 1780 he was appointed chief of the
engineering corps. That summer, serving under General Nathanael
Greene in North Carolina, he twice rescued the army from enemy
advances by directing the crossing of the Yadkin and Dan rivers. In
the spring of 1781 in South Carolina, he conducted the Battle of
Ninety-six and then a lengthy blockade of Charleston. At the end of
the war he was given U.S. citizenship and was made a brigadier
general in the U.S. Army.
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